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Dorelia McNeill
Dorothy (Dorelia) McNeill (19 December 1881- 23 July 1969) was best known as a model for the Welsh artists Gwen John and Augustus John, was the common-law wife of the latter, and has been credited for inspiring "his first unequivocally personal work".〔Easton, Holroyd, 11〕 In her time she was regarded by some as an exemplar of bohemian fashion.〔See, for example, Virginia Nicholson (2002) ''Among the Bohemians''〕
Dorothy McNeill was born in Camberwell, the daughter of a clerk and the fourth of seven children.〔Banham, Berk, 338〕 While attending the Westminster School of Art in 1903 she met Gwen John, who in turn introduced her to her brother Augustus. That year Gwen and McNeill traveled together on foot through France, following the Garonne River.〔Langdale, 24〕 During a stay in Toulouse Gwen John painted several oils of McNeill, including ''Dorelia in a Black Dress'',〔(Dorelia in a Black Dress circa 1903-4 ). Tate. Retrieved 25 March 2010〕 before the two proceeded to Paris, where they briefly shared quarters in 1904.〔Langdale, 25-27〕 McNeill left for Bruges with a Belgian artist, and was pursued by Augustus, with whom she returned to England. She lived in a ménage à trois with Augustus John and his wife Ida Nettleship, sometimes as part of a Gypsy caravan that would grow to include John's children by both women.〔Easton, Holroyd, 12, 56, 112〕 The arrangement lasted until Nettleship's death in 1907, when McNeill became the principal female figure in the John household.〔Banham, Berk, 338〕〔"(The Secrets of Augustus John's Woman Smiling )". Tate. Retrieved 25 March 2010〕 Later she had an affair, at Augustus' encouragement, with the painter Henry Lamb.〔Banham, Berk, 338〕
McNeill is often described as quiet and enigmatic.〔Langdale, 24〕〔Banham, Berk, 340〕 In Gwen John's work she appears detached and simply dressed; in Augustus John's art she at times served more exotic purposes, wearing scarves and long dresses,〔In ''The Smiling Woman'' (1909), artist and model conspired to produce an image that Roger Fry mistook for a "gypsy Gioconda". Easton, Holroyd, 62〕 but was also the subject of domestic scenes, including those which show her with Augustus' first wife and their children.〔Banham, Berk, p. 340〕〔Easton, Holroyd, 56-57〕 It is said that she "made a significant contribution to the 'bohemian utopianism' of the artist's most intensely creative period, c. 1903-1914."〔Banham, Berk, p. 340〕 Eventually she had two sons and two daughters with Augustus. She lived with him until his death in 1961.〔Banham, Berk, 338〕 Her step-granddaughter was the 1960s bohemian fashion icon Talitha Getty.
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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